Atomic and nuclear properties of materials:
Thulium (Tm)
QuantityValueUnits ValueUnits
Atomic number 69     
Atomic mass 168.93421(2) g mole-1   
Density 9.32 g cm-3   
Mean excitation energy 674.0 eV   
Minimum ionization 1.170 MeV g-1cm2 10.90 MeV cm-1
Nuclear collision length 107.9 g cm-2 11.57 cm
Nuclear interaction length 186.7 g cm-2 20.03 cm
Pion collision length 131.5 g cm-2 14.11 cm
Pion interaction length 213.6 g cm-2 22.92 cm
Radiation length 7.03 g cm-2 0.7544 cm
Critical energy 8.59 MeV (for e-) 8.28 MeV (for e+)
Molière radius 17.36 g cm-2 1.863 cm
Plasma energy 56.22 eV   
Muon critical energy 161. GeV   
For muons, dE/dx = a(E) + b(E) E. Tables of b(E): PS PDF TEXT
Table of muon dE/dx and Range: PS PDF TEXT
Explanation of some entries
Table of isotopes Warning: may not be current
x ray mass attenuation coefficients