Atomic and nuclear properties of photographic emulsion
QuantityValueUnits ValueUnits
<Z/A> 0.45453     
Specific gravity 3.815 g cm-3   
Mean excitation energy 331.0 eV   
Minimum ionization 1.422 MeV g-1cm2 5.424 MeV cm-1
Nuclear collision length 84.2 g cm-2 22.08 cm
Nuclear interaction length 135.1 g cm-2 35.42 cm
Pion collision length 110.4 g cm-2 28.95 cm
Pion interaction length 166.3 g cm-2 43.60 cm
Radiation length 11.33 g cm-2 2.971 cm
Critical energy 17.43 MeV (for e-) 16.88 MeV (for e+)
Molière radius 13.79 g cm-2 3.614 cm
Plasma energy ℏωp 37.95 eV   
Muon critical energy 286. GeV   
Composition:
Elem ZAtomic frac* Mass frac
H
1
1.00
0.014100
C
6
0.43
0.072261
N
7
0.10
0.019320
O
8
0.30
0.066101
S
16
0.00
0.001890
Br
 35
0.31
0.349103
Ag
 47
0.31
0.474105
I
53
0.00
0.003120
* calculated from mass fraction data

For muons, dE/dx = a(E) + b(E) E. Tables of b(E): PDF TEXT
Table of muon dE/dx and Range: PDF TEXT
Explanation of some entries